在国家食品中合成着色剂的测定标准(GB/T 5009.35-2003)中介绍了胭脂红等其他人工合成色素的3种测定方法,如下所示:
1.高效液相色谱法
利用高效液相色谱法检测胭脂红的原理是,用聚酰胺吸附法或液-液分配法提取,制成水溶液,注入高效液相色谱仪,经反相色谱分离,根据保留时间定性和与峰面积比较进行胭脂红的定量。
2.薄层色谱法
利用薄层色谱法检测胭脂红的原理是,水溶性酸性合成着色剂在酸性条件下被聚酰胺吸附,而在碱性条件下解吸附,再用纸色谱法或薄层色谱法进行分离后,与标准比较定性、定量。
3.示波极谱法
利用示波极谱法检测胭脂红的原理是,食品中的合成着色剂,在特定的缓冲溶液中,在滴汞电极上可产生敏感的极谱波,波高于着色剂的浓度成正比,当食品中存在一种或两种以上互不影响测定的着色剂时,可用此方法进行定性定量分析[14] 。
4.聂晶等也研究了合成色素胭脂红、柠檬黄、苋菜红、赤藓红的快速检测方法微柱法,微柱法检测合成色素的原理为,根据水溶性酸性合成色素在酸性条件下呗聚酰胺媳妇,在碱性条件下被解吸的特性,利用被分离物质在吸附剂与展开剂之间分配系数不同,达到分离目的[15] 。
FreeMarker template error:
The following has evaluated to null or missing:
==> zxzx.logo [in template "zixun/mip_baoguang_xiangxi.ftl" at line 232, column 30]
Tip: If the failing expression is known to be legally null/missing, either specify a default value with myOptionalVar!myDefault, or use <#if myOptionalVar??>when-present<#else>when-missing#if>. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthessis: (myOptionVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionVar.foo)??
The failing instruction (FTL stack trace):
----------
==> #if zxzx.logo != "" [in template "zixun/mip_baoguang_xiangxi.ftl" at line 232, column 25]
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Java stack trace (for programmers):
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freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... Exception message was already printed; see it above ...]
at freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException.getInstance(InvalidReferenceException.java:98)
at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.compare(EvalUtil.java:230)
at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.compare(EvalUtil.java:148)
at freemarker.core.ComparisonExpression.evalToBoolean(ComparisonExpression.java:103)
at freemarker.core.IfBlock.accept(IfBlock.java:82)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265)
at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:93)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visitByHiddingParent(Environment.java:286)
at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$Context.runLoop(IteratorBlock.java:193)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visitIteratorBlock(Environment.java:509)
at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.accept(IteratorBlock.java:103)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visitByHiddingParent(Environment.java:286)
at freemarker.core.ConditionalBlock.accept(ConditionalBlock.java:86)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265)
at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:93)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265)
at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:243)
at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:277)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.processTemplate(FreeMarkerView.java:366)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.doRender(FreeMarkerView.java:283)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.renderMergedTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:233)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:167)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:250)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1047)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:817)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:669)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:574)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:723)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at com.bbaqw.mip.html.filter.CacheFilter.doFilter(CacheFilter.java:86)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:88)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:76)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at com.bbaqw.mip.util.AppUrlFilter.sendMsite(AppUrlFilter.java:293)
at com.bbaqw.mip.util.AppUrlFilter.doFilter(AppUrlFilter.java:123)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:861)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:606)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)