1.了解《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》。清楚消费者权益保护法中对消费者维权各项法律法规，才能更好地行使权利、履行义务。
2.购买前了解商品属性。对于商品的种类、规格。性能、原材料、结构、合格证，出厂日期、消费期限、使用说明、售后服务等有关商品自身的情况以及商标、厂家、生产地、经销者等关于商品生产经营者的情况应尽可能地了解。
3.保存购买凭证。购买后应尽可能要求销售者出具发票、收据或其他书面的证明材料，以便在受到侵害时，能够有效地进行索赔。
4. 自动与商家协商。当发现购买商品与自己的需要不相符合时第一时间与商家协商沟通，指出自己的购买目的与产品不符合，申请更换或者退货。
5.网购-七天无理由退换货。从2014年3月15日起针对网上购物，商品不符合自己需求，买家可以在签收日起七天无理由退换货。无理由退换货的前提是该商品未被拆封。
6.12315维权。在与商家沟通无果的情况下，可以拨打12315电话，通过法律途径进行维权。此途径为最直接，最有效的寻找法律维权的方法。能给予不法商家最有效的惩罚。再使用12315维权之前，最好能保留商家不正当交易的有效凭证。
7.媒体曝光维权。针对有背景、有影响力的违法商家，各种协商途径，各种维权受阻，可以通过各种媒体（电视台、网站、微博等）曝光其违法行为，通过舆论的压力和高层政府官员的重视来深度维权。
FreeMarker template error:
The following has evaluated to null or missing:
==> zxzx.logo [in template "zixun/mip_baoguang_xiangxi.ftl" at line 232, column 30]
Tip: If the failing expression is known to be legally null/missing, either specify a default value with myOptionalVar!myDefault, or use <#if myOptionalVar??>when-present<#else>when-missing. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthessis: (myOptionVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionVar.foo)??
The failing instruction (FTL stack trace):
----------
==> #if zxzx.logo != "" [in template "zixun/mip_baoguang_xiangxi.ftl" at line 232, column 25]
----------
Java stack trace (for programmers):
----------
freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... Exception message was already printed; see it above ...]
at freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException.getInstance(InvalidReferenceException.java:98)
at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.compare(EvalUtil.java:230)
at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.compare(EvalUtil.java:148)
at freemarker.core.ComparisonExpression.evalToBoolean(ComparisonExpression.java:103)
at freemarker.core.IfBlock.accept(IfBlock.java:82)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265)
at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:93)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visitByHiddingParent(Environment.java:286)
at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$Context.runLoop(IteratorBlock.java:193)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visitIteratorBlock(Environment.java:509)
at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.accept(IteratorBlock.java:103)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visitByHiddingParent(Environment.java:286)
at freemarker.core.ConditionalBlock.accept(ConditionalBlock.java:86)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265)
at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:93)
at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:265)
at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:243)
at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:277)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.processTemplate(FreeMarkerView.java:366)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.doRender(FreeMarkerView.java:283)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.renderMergedTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:233)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:167)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:250)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1047)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:817)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:669)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:574)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:723)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at com.bbaqw.mip.html.filter.CacheFilter.doFilter(CacheFilter.java:86)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:88)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:76)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at com.bbaqw.mip.util.AppUrlFilter.sendMsite(AppUrlFilter.java:293)
at com.bbaqw.mip.util.AppUrlFilter.doFilter(AppUrlFilter.java:123)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:861)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:606)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)